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Farid al-Atrash
Farid al-Atrash ((アラビア語:فريد الأطرش); October 19, 1910 – December 26, 1974), also written Farid Elattrache, was a Syrian–Egyptian composer, singer, virtuoso oud player, and actor.〔(Newspaper Article by Abdel-Fadil Taha ), 2008-05-23, Al-Quds Al-Arabi, "وحصلت الأسرة علي الجنسية المصرية وظلت تنعم بها ومنهم اسمهان بالطبع"]〕 Having immigrated to Egypt in childhood, al-Atrash embarked on a highly successful career spanning more than four decades—recording 500 songs and starring in 31 movies. Sometimes referred to as "King of the Oud", he is one of the most important figures of 20th century Arab music.〔World music: the rough guide. Africa, Europe and the Middle East 1999, p. 330 ed. Simon Broughton, Mark Ellingham, Richard Trillo "The late Farid Elattrache and Asmahan – a brother and sister team – are claimed by the Syrians and Lebanese"〕
==Early life==
Al-Atrash was born in al-Suwayda, in southern Syria to the Druze al-Atrash family who fought the French colonial army. His father was Syrian and his mother was Lebanese.〔Images of enchantment, p, 81 https://books.google.com/books?id=Sd5g1ohkocAC&pg=PA81&dq=asmahan+Hasbaya#v=onepage&q=asmahan%20Hasbaya&f=false〕 As a child, al-Atrash emigrated with his mother and siblings to Egypt, escaping the French occupation. Later, they were naturalized by the Egyptian government as citizens. Farid's mother sang and played the Oud, which spurred his musical interest at an early age.
As a child and young adult, al-Atrash sang in school events. He studied in a music conservatory and became an apprentice of the renowned composer Riyad as-Sunbaty. In the 1930s, al-Atrash began his professional singing career by working for privately owned Egyptian radio stations. Eventually, he was hired as an oud player for the national radio station and later as a singer. His sister, Asmahan, was also a talented singer, and for a while they worked together. In 1941, they starred in their first successful movie ''Intisar a l-Shabab'' (انتصار الشباب – ''The Triumph of Youth'', 1941), in which Farid himself composed all the music.〔Mustafa Darwish Dream makers on the Nile: a portrait of Egyptian cinema 1998〕 He died in December 26, 1974, at the age of 64.
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